Rank |
City |
Price To Income Ratio |
Gross Rental Yield City Centre |
Gross Rental Yield Outside of Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio City Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio Outside Of City Centre |
Mortgage As A Percentage Of Income |
Affordability Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine | 19.6 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 19.3 | 18.9 | 369.3 | 0.3 | |
| Belgrade, Serbia | 18.8 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 23.2 | 23.3 | 164.2 | 0.6 | |
| Moscow, Russia | 18.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.6 | 28.4 | 294.3 | 0.3 | |
| Kazan, Russia | 17.9 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 27.5 | 29.7 | 240.8 | 0.4 | |
| Lisbon, Portugal | 17.1 | 5.1 | 6.6 | 19.7 | 15.1 | 120.8 | 0.8 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 17.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 31.1 | 29.9 | 143.9 | 0.7 | |
| Novi Sad, Serbia | 17.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 24.9 | 24.0 | 163.7 | 0.6 | |
| Split, Croatia | 16.9 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 31.8 | 31.6 | 117.3 | 0.9 | |
| Milan, Italy | 16.5 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 26.2 | 20.9 | 119.9 | 0.8 | |
| Saint Petersburg, Russia | 16.3 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 24.6 | 25.9 | 251.3 | 0.4 | |
| Krasnodar, Russia | 15.9 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 25.4 | 22.9 | 197.3 | 0.5 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod, Russia | 15.9 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 28.6 | 29.6 | 202.4 | 0.5 | |
| Innsbruck, Austria | 15.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 46.4 | 39.3 | 105.6 | 0.9 | |
| Paris, France | 15.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 36.2 | 36.2 | 110.1 | 0.9 | |
| Bratislava, Slovakia | 15.6 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 32.6 | 30.4 | 117.4 | 0.9 | |
| Tirana, Albania | 15.5 | 4.6 | 5.8 | 21.6 | 17.2 | 131.9 | 0.8 | |
| Ufa, Russia | 15.3 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 32.9 | 35.2 | 202.6 | 0.5 | |
| Lviv, Ukraine | 15.3 | 5.2 | 6.4 | 19.1 | 15.6 | 232.5 | 0.4 | |
| Athens, Greece | 15.1 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 23.9 | 25.6 | 115.2 | 0.9 | |
| Samara, Russia | 15.0 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 26.9 | 25.4 | 199.5 | 0.5 | |
| Nis, Serbia | 14.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 30.2 | 30.5 | 144.2 | 0.7 | |
| Pristina, Kosovo (Disputed Territory) | 14.8 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 28.0 | 20.9 | 111.9 | 0.9 | |
| Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 14.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 35.4 | 34.5 | 113.3 | 0.9 | |
| Novosibirsk, Russia | 14.5 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.6 | 22.2 | 180.6 | 0.6 | |
| London, United Kingdom | 14.4 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 26.5 | 22.7 | 116.5 | 0.9 | |
| Budapest, Hungary | 13.9 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 28.8 | 25.2 | 144.4 | 0.7 | |
| Thessaloniki, Greece | 13.9 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 26.8 | 23.5 | 104.9 | 1.0 | |
| Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine | 13.9 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 23.0 | 24.5 | 349.5 | 0.3 | |
| Munich, Germany | 13.9 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 34.3 | 31.5 | 97.4 | 1.0 | |
| Zurich, Switzerland | 13.9 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 52.0 | 46.0 | 87.9 | 1.1 | |
| Skopje, North Macedonia | 13.9 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 29.5 | 28.9 | 107.2 | 0.9 | |
| Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.8 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 38.6 | 34.9 | 95.4 | 1.0 | |
| Vilnius, Lithuania | 13.8 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 28.8 | 26.1 | 104.2 | 1.0 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 13.8 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 26.2 | 25.5 | 96.9 | 1.0 | |
| Palma de Mallorca, Spain | 13.6 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 23.7 | 17.6 | 94.6 | 1.1 | |
| Yekaterinburg, Russia | 13.6 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 20.3 | 20.7 | 185.6 | 0.5 | |
| Geneva, Switzerland | 12.8 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 39.4 | 35.6 | 81.4 | 1.2 | |
| Brno, Czech Republic | 12.8 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 32.1 | 30.4 | 108.3 | 0.9 | |
| Rome, Italy | 12.8 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 27.2 | 23.0 | 94.0 | 1.1 | |
| Rostov-na-donu, Russia | 12.3 | 5.1 | 4.2 | 19.8 | 23.5 | 141.1 | 0.7 | |
| Oradea, Romania | 12.2 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 22.7 | 25.4 | 113.3 | 0.9 | |
| Brasov, Romania | 12.1 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 23.7 | 24.0 | 119.1 | 0.8 | |
| Gdansk, Poland | 12.1 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 29.1 | 24.3 | 111.2 | 0.9 | |
| Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 12.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 25.8 | 26.7 | 107.0 | 0.9 | |
| Dnipro, Ukraine | 11.9 | 8.4 | 6.6 | 11.9 | 15.2 | 214.3 | 0.5 | |
| Podgorica, Montenegro | 11.8 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 18.7 | 18.9 | 101.8 | 1.0 | |
| Minsk, Belarus | 11.8 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 18.9 | 20.2 | 188.4 | 0.5 | |
| Vienna, Austria | 11.8 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 37.2 | 32.2 | 81.6 | 1.2 | |
| Warsaw, Poland | 11.8 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 24.0 | 21.0 | 113.5 | 0.9 | |
| Constanta, Romania | 11.7 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 17.0 | 16.8 | 111.4 | 0.9 | |
| Krakow (Cracow), Poland | 11.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 26.6 | 25.8 | 113.3 | 0.9 | |
| Bolzano-Bozen, Italy | 11.6 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 29.9 | 26.7 | 90.8 | 1.1 | |
| Debrecen, Hungary | 11.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 26.4 | 25.4 | 120.3 | 0.8 | |
| Tallinn, Estonia | 11.5 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 29.0 | 28.4 | 95.1 | 1.1 | |
| Florence, Italy | 11.5 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 23.5 | 22.9 | 79.8 | 1.3 | |
| Zagreb, Croatia | 11.5 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 27.9 | 26.0 | 84.8 | 1.2 | |
| Basel, Switzerland | 11.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 46.9 | 49.5 | 72.4 | 1.4 | |
| Plzen, Czech Republic | 11.2 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 37.4 | 30.1 | 93.2 | 1.1 | |
| Porto, Portugal | 11.1 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 13.9 | 12.9 | 76.4 | 1.3 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 11.0 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 34.2 | 25.9 | 77.8 | 1.3 | |
| Chisinau, Moldova | 10.9 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 15.5 | 14.1 | 155.6 | 0.6 | |
| Rijeka, Croatia | 10.8 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 25.1 | 26.2 | 83.1 | 1.2 | |
| Espoo, Finland | 10.8 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 34.6 | 29.0 | 77.6 | 1.3 | |
| Chelyabinsk, Russia | 10.7 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 20.3 | 18.5 | 133.1 | 0.8 | |
| Kaunas, Lithuania | 10.6 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 27.5 | 23.9 | 77.4 | 1.3 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 10.6 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 32.0 | 26.7 | 77.8 | 1.3 | |
| Haarlem, Netherlands | 10.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 21.1 | 21.5 | 80.0 | 1.2 | |
| Wroclaw, Poland | 10.5 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 23.6 | 21.3 | 96.3 | 1.0 | |
| Oslo, Norway | 10.4 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 29.0 | 27.3 | 78.7 | 1.3 | |
| Barcelona, Spain | 10.3 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 20.5 | 18.4 | 70.4 | 1.4 | |
| Bristol, United Kingdom | 10.3 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 19.1 | 24.0 | 87.7 | 1.1 | |
| Salzburg, Austria | 10.3 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 30.1 | 28.5 | 68.8 | 1.5 | |
| Iasi, Romania | 10.1 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 23.4 | 22.8 | 97.4 | 1.0 | |
| Bologna, Italy | 10.1 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.5 | 19.4 | 72.5 | 1.4 | |
| Amsterdam, Netherlands | 10.1 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 21.9 | 19.7 | 73.0 | 1.4 | |
| Berlin, Germany | 10.0 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 27.2 | 27.4 | 70.3 | 1.4 | |
| Tartu, Estonia | 10.0 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 27.7 | 28.3 | 73.4 | 1.4 | |
| Varna, Bulgaria | 10.0 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 20.9 | 18.4 | 79.0 | 1.3 | |
| Timisoara, Romania | 10.0 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 27.6 | 22.8 | 92.1 | 1.1 | |
| Trondheim, Norway | 9.6 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 29.8 | 28.3 | 70.4 | 1.4 | |
| Madrid, Spain | 9.6 | 5.1 | 6.1 | 19.4 | 16.3 | 65.5 | 1.5 | |
| Sofia, Bulgaria | 9.6 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.3 | 22.2 | 64.9 | 1.5 | |
| Sibiu, Romania | 9.5 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 23.6 | 24.7 | 86.4 | 1.2 | |
| Cambridge, United Kingdom | 9.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 21.7 | 21.6 | 78.4 | 1.3 | |
| Naples, Italy | 9.4 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 26.4 | 20.6 | 63.9 | 1.6 | |
| Hamburg, Germany | 9.3 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 34.4 | 30.7 | 64.9 | 1.5 | |
| Dublin, Ireland | 9.2 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 15.6 | 14.2 | 69.6 | 1.4 | |
| Bucharest, Romania | 9.2 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 22.4 | 20.5 | 86.9 | 1.2 | |
| Osijek, Croatia | 9.1 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 22.6 | 24.2 | 67.8 | 1.5 | |
| Poznan, Poland | 9.0 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 21.8 | 19.6 | 82.3 | 1.2 | |
| Graz, Austria | 8.9 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 35.6 | 27.2 | 59.3 | 1.7 | |
| Burgas, Bulgaria | 8.7 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.5 | 19.2 | 72.1 | 1.4 | |
| Riga, Latvia | 8.6 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 23.6 | 21.6 | 66.0 | 1.5 | |
| Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 8.5 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 28.0 | 25.2 | 54.4 | 1.8 | |
| Plovdiv, Bulgaria | 8.3 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 22.0 | 18.7 | 65.7 | 1.5 | |
| Katowice, Poland | 8.3 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 20.2 | 20.6 | 77.5 | 1.3 | |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 8.2 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 21.1 | 21.2 | 61.4 | 1.6 | |
| Bergen, Norway | 8.0 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 22.8 | 19.7 | 61.4 | 1.6 | |
| Cologne, Germany | 8.0 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 26.3 | 31.5 | 54.2 | 1.8 | |
| Linz, Austria | 7.8 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 30.8 | 27.6 | 52.2 | 1.9 | |
| Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 7.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 18.2 | 18.0 | 66.4 | 1.5 | |
| Nuremberg, Germany | 7.6 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 34.5 | 27.9 | 52.3 | 1.9 | |
| Tromso, Norway | 7.5 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 21.0 | 20.4 | 56.3 | 1.8 | |
| Rimini, Italy | 7.5 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 22.6 | 21.1 | 53.4 | 1.9 | |
| Reykjavik, Iceland | 7.5 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 16.4 | 14.6 | 75.4 | 1.3 | |
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 7.3 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 29.1 | 25.6 | 49.5 | 2.0 | |
| Tampere, Finland | 7.3 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 28.3 | 26.2 | 52.4 | 1.9 | |
| Ostrava, Czech Republic | 7.1 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 22.3 | 20.1 | 59.2 | 1.7 | |
| Nice, France | 7.0 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 29.6 | 23.1 | 45.7 | 2.2 | |
| Maribor, Slovenia | 7.0 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 25.4 | 26.2 | 49.0 | 2.0 | |
| Turin, Italy | 6.9 | 4.3 | 5.8 | 23.2 | 17.3 | 49.6 | 2.0 | |
| Reading, United Kingdom | 6.9 | 6.0 | 5.3 | 16.6 | 18.9 | 57.8 | 1.7 | |
| Frankfurt, Germany | 6.9 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 26.1 | 23.7 | 47.0 | 2.1 | |
| Lyon, France | 6.9 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 29.4 | 30.3 | 44.9 | 2.2 | |
| Aarhus, Denmark | 6.9 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 24.0 | 20.2 | 50.6 | 2.0 | |
| Gothenburg, Sweden | 6.8 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 27.8 | 23.7 | 50.3 | 2.0 | |
| Bordeaux, France | 6.7 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 30.1 | 30.0 | 44.4 | 2.3 | |
| Uppsala, Sweden | 6.5 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 24.7 | 24.9 | 47.8 | 2.1 | |
| Valencia, Spain | 6.3 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 13.5 | 11.8 | 42.4 | 2.4 | |
| Dresden, Germany | 6.3 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 26.2 | 31.7 | 43.3 | 2.3 | |
| Stuttgart, Germany | 6.3 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 26.3 | 23.6 | 41.8 | 2.4 | |
| Brussels, Belgium | 6.1 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 40.7 | 2.5 | |
| Aachen, Germany | 6.1 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 34.1 | 28.9 | 41.9 | 2.4 | |
| Utrecht, Netherlands | 6.1 | 5.6 | 6.2 | 17.9 | 16.1 | 43.8 | 2.3 | |
| Cork, Ireland | 6.0 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 13.0 | 13.2 | 43.7 | 2.3 | |
| Marseille, France | 5.9 | 3.6 | 5.0 | 27.4 | 19.9 | 38.8 | 2.6 | |
| Eindhoven, Netherlands | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 17.7 | 16.3 | 43.4 | 2.3 | |
| Toulouse, France | 5.7 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 26.6 | 25.1 | 37.9 | 2.6 | |
| The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 16.7 | 15.5 | 40.7 | 2.5 | |
| Stavanger, Norway | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 19.4 | 17.4 | 42.4 | 2.4 | |
| Rotterdam, Netherlands | 5.4 | 6.0 | 7.3 | 16.6 | 13.7 | 38.8 | 2.6 | |
| Turku, Finland | 5.4 | 4.2 | 5.6 | 23.9 | 18.0 | 38.4 | 2.6 | |
| Antwerp, Belgium | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 18.5 | 19.2 | 34.4 | 2.9 | |
| Groningen, Netherlands | 4.9 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 14.9 | 17.1 | 34.1 | 2.9 | |
| Malmo, Sweden | 4.4 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 22.0 | 16.8 | 31.5 | 3.2 |