Rank |
City |
Price To Income Ratio |
Gross Rental Yield City Centre |
Gross Rental Yield Outside of Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio City Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio Outside Of City Centre |
Mortgage As A Percentage Of Income |
Affordability Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Milan, Italy | 20.0 | 3.6 | 4.5 | 27.8 | 22.0 | 150.7 | 0.7 | |
| Belgrade, Serbia | 19.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 23.1 | 23.2 | 180.7 | 0.6 | |
| Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine | 17.9 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 20.8 | 19.5 | 338.8 | 0.3 | |
| Paris, France | 17.9 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 35.1 | 36.5 | 127.6 | 0.8 | |
| Kazan, Russia | 17.8 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 26.9 | 27.5 | 231.8 | 0.4 | |
| Lisbon, Portugal | 17.6 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 17.8 | 15.4 | 128.7 | 0.8 | |
| Moscow, Russia | 17.5 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 27.2 | 27.0 | 262.1 | 0.4 | |
| Novi Sad, Serbia | 17.2 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 24.6 | 23.8 | 159.6 | 0.6 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 17.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 31.6 | 31.3 | 146.4 | 0.7 | |
| London, United Kingdom | 17.0 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 28.0 | 21.9 | 141.5 | 0.7 | |
| Saint Petersburg, Russia | 16.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 25.7 | 25.8 | 236.0 | 0.4 | |
| Krasnodar, Russia | 16.2 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 27.9 | 24.6 | 201.9 | 0.5 | |
| Tirana, Albania | 16.1 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 22.1 | 17.8 | 136.5 | 0.7 | |
| Bratislava, Slovakia | 15.8 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 32.4 | 30.6 | 119.6 | 0.8 | |
| Samara, Russia | 15.7 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 26.8 | 25.0 | 217.3 | 0.5 | |
| Split, Croatia | 15.5 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 31.4 | 29.5 | 105.3 | 0.9 | |
| Ufa, Russia | 15.3 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 32.9 | 35.2 | 198.6 | 0.5 | |
| Rome, Italy | 15.1 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 28.7 | 22.5 | 117.5 | 0.9 | |
| Nis, Serbia | 14.9 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 29.6 | 30.7 | 135.8 | 0.7 | |
| Pristina, Kosovo (Disputed Territory) | 14.9 | 4.0 | 5.4 | 24.9 | 18.4 | 115.8 | 0.9 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod, Russia | 14.9 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 28.6 | 29.8 | 183.3 | 0.5 | |
| Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 14.8 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 36.3 | 35.1 | 112.7 | 0.9 | |
| Novosibirsk, Russia | 14.7 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.2 | 22.2 | 186.4 | 0.5 | |
| Lviv, Ukraine | 14.7 | 5.3 | 6.5 | 18.9 | 15.5 | 245.8 | 0.4 | |
| Kosice, Slovakia | 14.7 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 26.6 | 28.9 | 107.6 | 0.9 | |
| Warsaw, Poland | 14.7 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 23.9 | 21.1 | 145.7 | 0.7 | |
| Florence, Italy | 14.5 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 23.2 | 24.2 | 111.6 | 0.9 | |
| Athens, Greece | 14.4 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 22.7 | 25.2 | 109.3 | 0.9 | |
| Zurich, Switzerland | 14.4 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 50.8 | 45.9 | 91.2 | 1.1 | |
| Gdansk, Poland | 14.2 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 26.3 | 23.3 | 133.0 | 0.8 | |
| Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine | 14.0 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 23.6 | 25.2 | 332.2 | 0.3 | |
| Budapest, Hungary | 14.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 28.4 | 25.3 | 154.6 | 0.6 | |
| Thessaloniki, Greece | 14.0 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 26.5 | 23.1 | 106.2 | 0.9 | |
| Skopje, North Macedonia | 13.9 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.5 | 28.2 | 108.1 | 0.9 | |
| Krakow (Cracow), Poland | 13.9 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 23.9 | 22.5 | 136.6 | 0.7 | |
| Yekaterinburg, Russia | 13.8 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 22.7 | 20.6 | 196.4 | 0.5 | |
| Wroclaw, Poland | 13.8 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 25.3 | 20.8 | 132.3 | 0.8 | |
| Lodz, Poland | 13.7 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.3 | 19.3 | 135.9 | 0.7 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 13.4 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 25.5 | 25.5 | 93.5 | 1.1 | |
| Brno, Czech Republic | 13.3 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 32.2 | 30.1 | 113.2 | 0.9 | |
| Geneva, Switzerland | 13.3 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 37.7 | 35.0 | 84.3 | 1.2 | |
| Zagreb, Croatia | 12.8 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 29.1 | 26.4 | 93.4 | 1.1 | |
| Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 12.8 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 40.4 | 35.8 | 85.8 | 1.2 | |
| Vilnius, Lithuania | 12.6 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 27.7 | 24.6 | 92.9 | 1.1 | |
| Munich, Germany | 12.5 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 33.0 | 30.3 | 86.4 | 1.2 | |
| Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 12.5 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 25.1 | 25.7 | 116.2 | 0.9 | |
| Vienna, Austria | 12.4 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 37.5 | 31.9 | 85.1 | 1.2 | |
| Minsk, Belarus | 12.4 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 20.6 | 20.8 | 204.3 | 0.5 | |
| Oradea, Romania | 12.4 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 23.0 | 24.4 | 114.4 | 0.9 | |
| Dnipro, Ukraine | 12.3 | 7.6 | 6.2 | 13.2 | 16.1 | 209.3 | 0.5 | |
| Rostov-na-donu, Russia | 11.9 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 18.8 | 23.7 | 157.8 | 0.6 | |
| Brasov, Romania | 11.9 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 21.0 | 22.2 | 115.3 | 0.9 | |
| Barcelona, Spain | 11.8 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.4 | 19.2 | 82.6 | 1.2 | |
| Espoo, Finland | 11.8 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 35.0 | 29.7 | 84.1 | 1.2 | |
| Rijeka, Croatia | 11.5 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 25.7 | 26.4 | 88.9 | 1.1 | |
| Bologna, Italy | 11.5 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.1 | 19.2 | 88.8 | 1.1 | |
| Salzburg, Austria | 11.4 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 29.7 | 30.0 | 80.2 | 1.2 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 11.4 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 30.5 | 26.5 | 86.5 | 1.2 | |
| Plzen, Czech Republic | 11.3 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 37.9 | 31.5 | 95.4 | 1.0 | |
| Chelyabinsk, Russia | 11.3 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 26.3 | 21.3 | 147.2 | 0.7 | |
| Palma de Mallorca, Spain | 11.3 | 5.1 | 6.5 | 19.5 | 15.3 | 78.7 | 1.3 | |
| Berlin, Germany | 11.3 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.7 | 28.6 | 81.8 | 1.2 | |
| Podgorica, Montenegro | 11.2 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 17.3 | 17.6 | 97.7 | 1.0 | |
| Bolzano-Bozen, Italy | 11.1 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 29.8 | 26.2 | 87.6 | 1.1 | |
| Bern, Switzerland | 10.9 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 45.5 | 42.7 | 71.2 | 1.4 | |
| Lysá nad Labem, Czech Republic | 10.9 | 3.9 | 5.2 | 25.8 | 19.2 | 92.3 | 1.1 | |
| Poznan, Poland | 10.8 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.4 | 19.4 | 103.8 | 1.0 | |
| Hamburg, Germany | 10.8 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 35.0 | 30.7 | 77.9 | 1.3 | |
| Trondheim, Norway | 10.5 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 31.7 | 30.4 | 77.1 | 1.3 | |
| Iasi, Romania | 10.4 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 23.7 | 23.1 | 100.4 | 1.0 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 10.4 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 34.2 | 26.0 | 72.7 | 1.4 | |
| Chisinau, Moldova | 10.4 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 15.7 | 14.3 | 151.9 | 0.7 | |
| Graz, Austria | 10.3 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 38.5 | 31.4 | 72.3 | 1.4 | |
| Oslo, Norway | 10.3 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 30.1 | 26.8 | 75.5 | 1.3 | |
| Timisoara, Romania | 10.3 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 25.8 | 24.0 | 95.5 | 1.0 | |
| Tallinn, Estonia | 10.2 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 29.3 | 27.8 | 78.2 | 1.3 | |
| Tartu, Estonia | 10.1 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 28.8 | 27.3 | 73.2 | 1.4 | |
| Kaunas, Lithuania | 10.0 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 26.3 | 23.4 | 71.2 | 1.4 | |
| Amsterdam, Netherlands | 9.8 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 21.6 | 18.5 | 70.2 | 1.4 | |
| Osijek, Croatia | 9.8 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 24.9 | 25.7 | 73.2 | 1.4 | |
| Bucharest, Romania | 9.7 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 22.5 | 20.0 | 93.5 | 1.1 | |
| Dublin, Ireland | 9.6 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 16.4 | 14.4 | 73.3 | 1.4 | |
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 9.5 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 31.3 | 30.3 | 69.0 | 1.4 | |
| Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 9.4 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 30.2 | 26.7 | 60.1 | 1.7 | |
| Varna, Bulgaria | 9.4 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 20.9 | 18.3 | 75.4 | 1.3 | |
| Katowice, Poland | 9.4 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 88.6 | 1.1 | |
| Sofia, Bulgaria | 9.3 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 24.2 | 21.4 | 65.7 | 1.5 | |
| Sibiu, Romania | 9.1 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 22.2 | 23.5 | 82.9 | 1.2 | |
| Lyon, France | 8.8 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 28.6 | 31.6 | 62.2 | 1.6 | |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 8.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 21.7 | 20.9 | 63.4 | 1.6 | |
| Riga, Latvia | 8.7 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 23.3 | 21.8 | 66.2 | 1.5 | |
| Basel, Switzerland | 8.5 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 31.0 | 38.3 | 55.6 | 1.8 | |
| Linz, Austria | 8.4 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 30.8 | 27.6 | 57.7 | 1.7 | |
| Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 8.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 18.6 | 18.4 | 72.4 | 1.4 | |
| Burgas, Bulgaria | 8.3 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 19.2 | 17.3 | 70.2 | 1.4 | |
| Turin, Italy | 8.3 | 4.2 | 5.5 | 24.1 | 18.1 | 63.8 | 1.6 | |
| Gothenburg, Sweden | 8.2 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 27.1 | 23.9 | 62.8 | 1.6 | |
| Stavanger, Norway | 8.2 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 21.1 | 22.9 | 61.8 | 1.6 | |
| Rimini, Italy | 8.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 22.8 | 21.1 | 58.7 | 1.7 | |
| Frankfurt, Germany | 8.0 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 28.4 | 23.9 | 57.0 | 1.8 | |
| Porto, Portugal | 7.8 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 12.8 | 10.9 | 50.8 | 2.0 | |
| Bergen, Norway | 7.8 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 22.8 | 20.4 | 59.4 | 1.7 | |
| Reykjavik, Iceland | 7.7 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 17.2 | 15.3 | 78.5 | 1.3 | |
| Plovdiv, Bulgaria | 7.7 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 21.1 | 18.3 | 62.7 | 1.6 | |
| Aarhus, Denmark | 7.7 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 24.9 | 21.5 | 56.7 | 1.8 | |
| Tampere, Finland | 7.4 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 28.3 | 25.9 | 52.0 | 1.9 | |
| Antwerp, Belgium | 7.2 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 21.3 | 18.7 | 49.1 | 2.0 | |
| Madrid, Spain | 7.0 | 5.8 | 7.3 | 17.3 | 13.7 | 44.7 | 2.2 | |
| Stuttgart, Germany | 6.8 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 28.2 | 25.5 | 46.8 | 2.1 | |
| Brussels, Belgium | 6.6 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 17.5 | 18.0 | 45.4 | 2.2 | |
| Utrecht, Netherlands | 6.4 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 18.6 | 17.0 | 48.6 | 2.1 | |
| Cork, Ireland | 6.1 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 12.6 | 12.9 | 45.3 | 2.2 | |
| Malmo, Sweden | 5.9 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 22.6 | 18.5 | 46.0 | 2.2 | |
| Eindhoven, Netherlands | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 17.2 | 16.1 | 42.4 | 2.4 | |
| Turku, Finland | 5.5 | 3.8 | 6.0 | 26.0 | 16.7 | 36.6 | 2.7 | |
| The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 17.2 | 16.2 | 37.4 | 2.7 | |
| Rotterdam, Netherlands | 5.3 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 16.9 | 13.8 | 37.2 | 2.7 | |
| Valencia, Spain | 5.0 | 8.4 | 9.4 | 11.9 | 10.6 | 33.3 | 3.0 | |
| Groningen, Netherlands | 4.9 | 7.6 | 6.2 | 13.2 | 16.3 | 34.4 | 2.9 | |
| Aberdeen, United Kingdom | 4.8 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 21.1 | 17.5 | 43.6 | 2.3 |