Rank |
City |
Price To Income Ratio |
Gross Rental Yield City Centre |
Gross Rental Yield Outside of Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio City Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio Outside Of City Centre |
Mortgage As A Percentage Of Income |
Affordability Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paris, France | 22.0 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 39.6 | 42.7 | 129.0 | 0.8 | |
| Belgrade, Serbia | 22.0 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 32.6 | 28.2 | 159.8 | 0.6 | |
| London, United Kingdom | 21.2 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 34.7 | 27.2 | 145.1 | 0.7 | |
| Moscow, Russia | 20.2 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 25.7 | 21.8 | 235.5 | 0.4 | |
| Split, Croatia | 18.9 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 35.9 | 31.6 | 143.1 | 0.7 | |
| Milan, Italy | 18.8 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 32.0 | 22.7 | 113.5 | 0.9 | |
| Lisbon, Portugal | 18.4 | 4.6 | 5.6 | 21.7 | 17.8 | 112.6 | 0.9 | |
| Tirana, Albania | 17.7 | 4.1 | 5.3 | 24.6 | 18.7 | 142.2 | 0.7 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 17.7 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 29.6 | 28.5 | 114.5 | 0.9 | |
| Munich, Germany | 16.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 39.2 | 37.9 | 100.4 | 1.0 | |
| Ternopil, Ukraine | 16.1 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 22.7 | 21.7 | 354.6 | 0.3 | |
| Budapest, Hungary | 15.9 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 27.1 | 24.7 | 124.4 | 0.8 | |
| Rome, Italy | 15.9 | 3.4 | 5.0 | 29.1 | 20.1 | 97.9 | 1.0 | |
| Florence, Italy | 15.4 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 28.2 | 25.7 | 94.3 | 1.1 | |
| Saint Petersburg, Russia | 15.4 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 21.0 | 20.1 | 181.7 | 0.6 | |
| Novi Sad, Serbia | 15.0 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 27.7 | 27.3 | 104.5 | 1.0 | |
| Minsk, Belarus | 15.0 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 19.7 | 21.2 | 231.7 | 0.4 | |
| Brighton, United Kingdom | 14.9 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 28.0 | 26.6 | 100.0 | 1.0 | |
| Vladivostok, Russia | 14.5 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 18.0 | 18.5 | 177.9 | 0.6 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 14.2 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 36.1 | 32.5 | 89.6 | 1.1 | |
| Innsbruck, Austria | 14.0 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 34.3 | 31.7 | 85.1 | 1.2 | |
| Vienna, Austria | 13.9 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 33.8 | 30.9 | 85.2 | 1.2 | |
| Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.8 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 29.0 | 26.7 | 105.8 | 0.9 | |
| Warsaw, Poland | 13.7 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 24.8 | 21.3 | 100.0 | 1.0 | |
| Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.6 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 27.6 | 30.3 | 102.6 | 1.0 | |
| Kazan, Russia | 13.4 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 20.3 | 20.9 | 157.0 | 0.6 | |
| Skopje, North Macedonia | 13.4 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 24.1 | 24.2 | 110.6 | 0.9 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 13.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 27.7 | 26.9 | 90.2 | 1.1 | |
| Gdynia, Poland | 13.2 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 26.2 | 20.1 | 98.2 | 1.0 | |
| Porto, Portugal | 13.2 | 5.7 | 6.9 | 17.5 | 14.6 | 84.3 | 1.2 | |
| Lviv, Ukraine | 13.1 | 6.4 | 8.7 | 15.6 | 11.6 | 254.6 | 0.4 | |
| Chisinau, Moldova | 13.0 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 17.2 | 15.0 | 144.7 | 0.7 | |
| Madrid, Spain | 13.0 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 26.0 | 20.4 | 79.8 | 1.3 | |
| Krakow (Cracow), Poland | 13.0 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 24.2 | 21.8 | 94.9 | 1.1 | |
| Cambridge, United Kingdom | 13.0 | 3.7 | 4.9 | 26.8 | 20.2 | 93.7 | 1.1 | |
| Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 12.9 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 22.5 | 23.0 | 105.4 | 0.9 | |
| Bratislava, Slovakia | 12.9 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 23.5 | 22.9 | 75.1 | 1.3 | |
| Barcelona, Spain | 12.8 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 22.3 | 20.8 | 80.6 | 1.2 | |
| Naples, Italy | 12.8 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 28.3 | 23.9 | 76.2 | 1.3 | |
| Zagreb, Croatia | 12.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 27.0 | 26.9 | 91.3 | 1.1 | |
| Ufa, Russia | 12.7 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 152.0 | 0.7 | |
| Sumy, Ukraine | 12.3 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 20.4 | 19.4 | 277.8 | 0.4 | |
| Podgorica, Montenegro | 12.2 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 19.9 | 21.6 | 110.0 | 0.9 | |
| Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine | 12.2 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 15.0 | 12.9 | 236.4 | 0.4 | |
| Vilnius, Lithuania | 12.1 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 26.0 | 24.3 | 76.1 | 1.3 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 12.1 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 34.1 | 25.4 | 69.1 | 1.4 | |
| Amsterdam, Netherlands | 12.1 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 23.0 | 20.4 | 75.4 | 1.3 | |
| Gdansk, Poland | 12.0 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 24.1 | 20.7 | 87.9 | 1.1 | |
| Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine | 11.9 | 7.5 | 8.9 | 13.3 | 11.2 | 236.7 | 0.4 | |
| Palma de Mallorca, Spain | 11.8 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 19.4 | 17.4 | 78.9 | 1.3 | |
| Novosibirsk, Russia | 11.8 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 16.7 | 16.0 | 144.3 | 0.7 | |
| Bilbao, Spain | 11.7 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 25.9 | 22.8 | 74.3 | 1.3 | |
| Brno, Czech Republic | 11.7 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 23.1 | 22.2 | 76.0 | 1.3 | |
| Oslo, Norway | 11.7 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 31.1 | 27.2 | 76.2 | 1.3 | |
| Nice, France | 11.6 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 29.9 | 28.7 | 67.4 | 1.5 | |
| Athens, Greece | 11.6 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 23.0 | 23.5 | 89.7 | 1.1 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod, Russia | 11.5 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 16.1 | 17.6 | 139.3 | 0.7 | |
| Craiova, Romania | 11.5 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 25.9 | 26.7 | 101.1 | 1.0 | |
| Thessaloniki, Greece | 11.4 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 24.9 | 22.7 | 87.4 | 1.1 | |
| Constanta, Romania | 11.4 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 24.8 | 25.5 | 96.0 | 1.0 | |
| Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 11.3 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 28.4 | 24.9 | 68.0 | 1.5 | |
| Kharkiv, Ukraine | 11.2 | 7.8 | 9.0 | 12.9 | 11.2 | 219.1 | 0.5 | |
| Samara, Russia | 11.2 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 15.6 | 15.1 | 135.1 | 0.7 | |
| Liverpool, United Kingdom | 11.0 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 37.7 | 24.9 | 75.3 | 1.3 | |
| Yekaterinburg, Russia | 11.0 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 20.2 | 19.3 | 132.3 | 0.8 | |
| Kosice, Slovakia | 11.0 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 19.5 | 19.8 | 65.1 | 1.5 | |
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 11.0 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 36.2 | 32.5 | 66.0 | 1.5 | |
| Bucharest, Romania | 10.9 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 21.1 | 19.3 | 96.3 | 1.0 | |
| Berlin, Germany | 10.8 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 30.5 | 26.3 | 64.9 | 1.5 | |
| Rijeka, Croatia | 10.8 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 24.9 | 29.2 | 83.4 | 1.2 | |
| Poznan, Poland | 10.8 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 21.6 | 19.1 | 79.0 | 1.3 | |
| Wroclaw, Poland | 10.8 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 19.8 | 18.1 | 76.6 | 1.3 | |
| Vinnytsia, Ukraine | 10.8 | 6.2 | 7.7 | 16.1 | 13.0 | 219.9 | 0.5 | |
| Debrecen, Hungary | 10.8 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 19.8 | 20.4 | 78.1 | 1.3 | |
| Leipzig, Germany | 10.8 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 31.9 | 27.5 | 64.3 | 1.6 | |
| Irkutsk, Russia | 10.7 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 15.9 | 15.8 | 129.8 | 0.8 | |
| Gothenburg, Sweden | 10.6 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 27.8 | 24.9 | 69.2 | 1.4 | |
| Geneva, Switzerland | 10.5 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 29.4 | 27.7 | 63.2 | 1.6 | |
| Bologna, Italy | 10.5 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 22.4 | 20.2 | 63.1 | 1.6 | |
| Cologne, Germany | 10.5 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 30.7 | 30.2 | 63.1 | 1.6 | |
| Kaunas, Lithuania | 10.4 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 25.8 | 24.2 | 66.2 | 1.5 | |
| Volgograd, Russia | 10.4 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 14.8 | 14.7 | 124.4 | 0.8 | |
| Szeged, Hungary | 10.4 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 20.0 | 19.6 | 82.1 | 1.2 | |
| Mykolaiv, Ukraine | 10.3 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 14.2 | 16.6 | 202.7 | 0.5 | |
| Oradea, Romania | 10.3 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 22.0 | 24.2 | 81.2 | 1.2 | |
| Szczecin, Poland | 10.3 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 19.7 | 19.6 | 74.7 | 1.3 | |
| Iasi, Romania | 10.3 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 21.8 | 20.6 | 81.6 | 1.2 | |
| Olomouc, Czech Republic | 10.2 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 27.9 | 24.6 | 66.0 | 1.5 | |
| Frankfurt, Germany | 10.1 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 29.4 | 26.2 | 61.1 | 1.6 | |
| Dnipro, Ukraine | 10.1 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 207.7 | 0.5 | |
| Stuttgart, Germany | 10.1 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 30.3 | 28.1 | 61.4 | 1.6 | |
| Burgas, Bulgaria | 10.0 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 24.3 | 19.7 | 71.3 | 1.4 | |
| Brasov, Romania | 10.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 20.3 | 20.7 | 77.2 | 1.3 | |
| Sibiu, Romania | 10.0 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 21.9 | 21.0 | 80.3 | 1.2 | |
| Timisoara, Romania | 9.9 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 21.7 | 22.4 | 79.5 | 1.3 | |
| Pristina, Kosovo (Disputed Territory) | 9.8 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 20.7 | 18.8 | 74.4 | 1.3 | |
| Hamburg, Germany | 9.8 | 3.2 | 4.0 | 31.3 | 25.1 | 58.7 | 1.7 | |
| Patras, Greece | 9.7 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 28.4 | 27.4 | 73.6 | 1.4 | |
| Lyon, France | 9.7 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 32.2 | 25.4 | 56.6 | 1.8 | |
| Izhevsk, Russia | 9.7 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 18.2 | 20.6 | 118.5 | 0.8 | |
| Tomsk, Russia | 9.6 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 116.0 | 0.9 | |
| Turin, Italy | 9.6 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 27.8 | 21.7 | 59.0 | 1.7 | |
| Malaga, Spain | 9.6 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 18.7 | 17.9 | 58.5 | 1.7 | |
| Rostov-na-donu, Russia | 9.5 | 6.1 | 6.8 | 16.3 | 14.8 | 117.9 | 0.8 | |
| Kaliningrad, Russia | 9.5 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 18.0 | 17.1 | 108.9 | 0.9 | |
| Dublin, Ireland | 9.5 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 15.0 | 14.1 | 65.5 | 1.5 | |
| Nantes, France | 9.5 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 30.8 | 28.3 | 56.6 | 1.8 | |
| Krasnodar, Russia | 9.4 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 14.7 | 14.7 | 115.5 | 0.9 | |
| Krasnoyarsk, Russia | 9.4 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 16.8 | 17.8 | 116.6 | 0.9 | |
| Perm, Russia | 9.4 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 16.6 | 17.1 | 110.4 | 0.9 | |
| Tallinn, Estonia | 9.3 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 58.8 | 1.7 | |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 9.3 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 22.9 | 21.2 | 54.4 | 1.8 | |
| Voronezh, Russia | 9.3 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 17.2 | 17.6 | 115.4 | 0.9 | |
| Riga, Latvia | 9.2 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 21.9 | 19.1 | 58.7 | 1.7 | |
| Saratov, Russia | 9.2 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 15.6 | 14.9 | 107.9 | 0.9 | |
| Lugano, Switzerland | 9.2 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 35.3 | 32.1 | 53.9 | 1.9 | |
| Sofia, Bulgaria | 9.2 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 19.3 | 17.3 | 64.1 | 1.6 | |
| Nuremberg, Germany | 9.1 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 29.2 | 31.2 | 53.1 | 1.9 | |
| Linz, Austria | 8.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 26.7 | 25.0 | 55.6 | 1.8 | |
| Utrecht, Netherlands | 8.9 | 5.6 | 4.6 | 17.9 | 21.6 | 56.9 | 1.8 | |
| Haarlem, Netherlands | 8.9 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 20.9 | 17.1 | 56.7 | 1.8 | |
| Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 8.9 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 23.5 | 20.1 | 58.0 | 1.7 | |
| Graz, Austria | 8.8 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 29.1 | 29.9 | 53.7 | 1.9 | |
| Bristol, United Kingdom | 8.8 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 21.8 | 20.2 | 60.4 | 1.7 | |
| Lodz, Poland | 8.8 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 17.8 | 18.0 | 62.6 | 1.6 | |
| Manchester, United Kingdom | 8.8 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 21.5 | 23.0 | 60.9 | 1.6 | |
| Gent, Belgium | 8.7 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 23.7 | 24.2 | 52.4 | 1.9 | |
| Tyumen, Russia | 8.7 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 15.9 | 16.7 | 101.6 | 1.0 | |
| Trondheim, Norway | 8.6 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 26.0 | 23.6 | 60.1 | 1.7 | |
| Tartu, Estonia | 8.4 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 26.1 | 22.8 | 53.5 | 1.9 | |
| Alicante, Spain | 8.4 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 26.4 | 20.3 | 50.6 | 2.0 | |
| Varna, Bulgaria | 8.3 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 19.5 | 18.4 | 61.9 | 1.6 | |
| Zurich, Switzerland | 8.2 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 30.6 | 26.8 | 48.0 | 2.1 | |
| Genoa, Italy | 8.1 | 3.8 | 6.8 | 26.3 | 14.8 | 49.5 | 2.0 | |
| Arad, Romania | 8.0 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 19.9 | 23.2 | 64.3 | 1.6 | |
| Stavanger, Norway | 8.0 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 24.6 | 23.2 | 53.1 | 1.9 | |
| Plovdiv, Bulgaria | 8.0 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 18.5 | 18.6 | 58.6 | 1.7 | |
| Toulouse, France | 7.9 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 30.0 | 27.6 | 46.2 | 2.2 | |
| Katowice, Poland | 7.9 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 18.5 | 18.1 | 55.5 | 1.8 | |
| Bergen, Norway | 7.8 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 25.3 | 25.4 | 50.6 | 2.0 | |
| Uppsala, Sweden | 7.8 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 27.4 | 21.2 | 52.7 | 1.9 | |
| Osijek, Croatia | 7.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 21.5 | 22.1 | 56.2 | 1.8 | |
| Birmingham, United Kingdom | 7.8 | 4.4 | 6.5 | 22.7 | 15.4 | 52.1 | 1.9 | |
| Seville (Sevilla), Spain | 7.7 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 19.4 | 15.8 | 49.4 | 2.0 | |
| Chelyabinsk, Russia | 7.7 | 6.6 | 6.2 | 15.0 | 16.1 | 95.0 | 1.1 | |
| Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine | 7.6 | 7.7 | 4.3 | 13.0 | 23.1 | 155.5 | 0.6 | |
| Palermo, Italy | 7.5 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 21.9 | 21.8 | 45.3 | 2.2 | |
| Valencia, Spain | 7.5 | 5.3 | 6.9 | 18.9 | 14.5 | 47.0 | 2.1 | |
| Tampere, Finland | 7.4 | 3.4 | 4.1 | 29.1 | 24.2 | 43.6 | 2.3 | |
| Aarhus, Denmark | 7.4 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 25.4 | 23.5 | 45.1 | 2.2 | |
| Brescia, Italy | 7.3 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 22.7 | 20.5 | 43.7 | 2.3 | |
| Mannheim, Germany | 7.1 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.8 | 28.9 | 42.7 | 2.3 | |
| Groningen, Netherlands | 7.0 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 19.6 | 22.0 | 44.1 | 2.3 | |
| Hanover, Germany | 7.0 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 26.5 | 28.9 | 42.4 | 2.4 | |
| Malmo, Sweden | 6.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 20.5 | 20.0 | 46.4 | 2.2 | |
| Braga, Portugal | 6.8 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 14.1 | 13.7 | 40.6 | 2.5 | |
| Rotterdam, Netherlands | 6.8 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 15.7 | 15.5 | 41.9 | 2.4 | |
| Trieste, Italy | 6.6 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 23.6 | 18.5 | 40.5 | 2.5 | |
| Reykjavik, Iceland | 6.6 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 14.5 | 13.1 | 58.0 | 1.7 | |
| The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands | 6.3 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 17.6 | 15.1 | 38.5 | 2.6 | |
| Brussels, Belgium | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 18.1 | 17.7 | 37.1 | 2.7 | |
| Ostrava, Czech Republic | 5.9 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 15.5 | 19.6 | 37.8 | 2.6 | |
| Cork, Ireland | 5.9 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 12.5 | 11.7 | 40.9 | 2.4 | |
| Antwerp, Belgium | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 17.8 | 17.0 | 34.9 | 2.9 | |
| Eindhoven, Netherlands | 5.8 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 17.6 | 15.2 | 36.6 | 2.7 | |
| Maribor, Slovenia | 5.7 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 21.3 | 19.5 | 38.4 | 2.6 |