Rank |
City |
Price To Income Ratio |
Gross Rental Yield City Centre |
Gross Rental Yield Outside of Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio City Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio Outside Of City Centre |
Mortgage As A Percentage Of Income |
Affordability Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Split, Croatia | 25.6 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 54.1 | 36.3 | 257.3 | 0.4 | |
| Rome, Italy | 25.0 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 39.0 | 27.9 | 198.0 | 0.5 | |
| Moscow, Russia | 23.9 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 21.8 | 19.3 | 335.8 | 0.3 | |
| Belgrade, Serbia | 20.9 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 34.0 | 29.6 | 209.6 | 0.5 | |
| Minsk, Belarus | 20.1 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 24.7 | 20.7 | 591.9 | 0.2 | |
| Lviv, Ukraine | 19.9 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 26.6 | 21.0 | 318.3 | 0.3 | |
| Skopje, North Macedonia | 19.2 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 29.0 | 26.4 | 222.0 | 0.5 | |
| Chisinau, Moldova | 18.6 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 20.4 | 18.1 | 261.2 | 0.4 | |
| Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine | 18.5 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 15.8 | 14.8 | 325.7 | 0.3 | |
| Naples, Italy | 17.2 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 45.5 | 39.9 | 136.1 | 0.7 | |
| Tirana, Albania | 17.0 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 27.5 | 23.9 | 170.3 | 0.6 | |
| Saint Petersburg, Russia | 16.3 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 18.5 | 18.3 | 229.7 | 0.4 | |
| Florence, Italy | 16.2 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 30.9 | 28.4 | 134.1 | 0.7 | |
| Zagreb, Croatia | 16.0 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 36.7 | 31.6 | 148.9 | 0.7 | |
| Iasi, Romania | 15.7 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 21.5 | 22.7 | 182.1 | 0.5 | |
| Novi Sad, Serbia | 15.4 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 28.9 | 30.0 | 190.2 | 0.5 | |
| London, United Kingdom | 15.3 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 25.8 | 21.8 | 121.3 | 0.8 | |
| Paris, France | 15.1 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 35.1 | 30.0 | 111.6 | 0.9 | |
| Timisoara, Romania | 15.0 | 5.5 | 4.6 | 18.2 | 21.7 | 150.6 | 0.7 | |
| Milan, Italy | 15.0 | 2.8 | 5.0 | 35.9 | 20.1 | 123.1 | 0.8 | |
| Krakow (Cracow), Poland | 14.4 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 27.0 | 24.9 | 114.2 | 0.9 | |
| Vilnius, Lithuania | 14.3 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 29.6 | 23.4 | 103.9 | 1.0 | |
| Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 14.2 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 21.8 | 23.2 | 132.1 | 0.8 | |
| Bucharest, Romania | 14.1 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 22.1 | 18.6 | 146.5 | 0.7 | |
| Lublin, Poland | 13.9 | 5.2 | 4.1 | 19.3 | 24.4 | 110.0 | 0.9 | |
| Brasov, Romania | 13.8 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 18.3 | 19.2 | 133.8 | 0.7 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 13.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 27.5 | 27.4 | 110.8 | 0.9 | |
| Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine | 13.6 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 14.8 | 14.0 | 259.1 | 0.4 | |
| Turin, Italy | 13.5 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 35.3 | 28.1 | 111.8 | 0.9 | |
| Wroclaw, Poland | 13.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 23.3 | 21.1 | 116.1 | 0.9 | |
| Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.4 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 30.8 | 37.5 | 134.6 | 0.7 | |
| Kharkiv, Ukraine | 13.4 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 13.1 | 17.4 | 248.3 | 0.4 | |
| Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.3 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 27.2 | 24.0 | 133.4 | 0.7 | |
| Bologna, Italy | 13.2 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 33.0 | 25.7 | 92.0 | 1.1 | |
| Kaunas, Lithuania | 13.1 | 6.1 | 2.8 | 16.3 | 36.1 | 125.6 | 0.8 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 12.8 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 25.0 | 23.8 | 93.4 | 1.1 | |
| Venice, Italy | 12.8 | 2.6 | 4.2 | 39.2 | 23.6 | 96.6 | 1.0 | |
| Athens, Greece | 12.5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 28.6 | 29.1 | 102.1 | 1.0 | |
| Warsaw, Poland | 12.5 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.6 | 22.1 | 116.2 | 0.9 | |
| Varna, Bulgaria | 12.5 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 25.7 | 20.5 | 149.2 | 0.7 | |
| Yekaterinburg, Russia | 12.2 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 21.5 | 19.8 | 161.4 | 0.6 | |
| Barcelona, Spain | 12.1 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 33.5 | 24.1 | 88.0 | 1.1 | |
| Poznan, Poland | 12.0 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 23.3 | 20.6 | 106.1 | 0.9 | |
| Thessaloniki, Greece | 11.8 | 3.3 | 4.0 | 30.3 | 25.1 | 88.0 | 1.1 | |
| Debrecen, Hungary | 11.8 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 28.5 | 28.4 | 103.2 | 1.0 | |
| Bratislava, Slovakia | 11.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 17.8 | 17.8 | 92.8 | 1.1 | |
| Bilbao, Spain | 11.5 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 31.7 | 25.4 | 76.3 | 1.3 | |
| Braga, Portugal | 11.4 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 30.1 | 22.1 | 90.5 | 1.1 | |
| Rijeka, Croatia | 11.4 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 29.3 | 26.2 | 103.9 | 1.0 | |
| Lodz, Poland | 11.1 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 25.3 | 27.0 | 95.6 | 1.0 | |
| Genoa, Italy | 11.1 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 25.8 | 25.6 | 87.7 | 1.1 | |
| Gdansk, Poland | 10.9 | 4.3 | 5.5 | 23.3 | 18.2 | 99.9 | 1.0 | |
| Heraklion, Greece | 10.7 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 43.4 | 28.5 | 92.3 | 1.1 | |
| Madrid, Spain | 10.7 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 29.0 | 24.8 | 77.8 | 1.3 | |
| Budapest, Hungary | 10.7 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 26.1 | 23.4 | 123.6 | 0.8 | |
| Bristol, United Kingdom | 10.7 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 23.2 | 21.8 | 77.5 | 1.3 | |
| Szczecin, Poland | 10.6 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 21.3 | 21.9 | 95.1 | 1.1 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 10.6 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 30.9 | 32.7 | 75.9 | 1.3 | |
| Padova, Italy | 10.6 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 23.1 | 21.1 | 90.9 | 1.1 | |
| Tallinn, Estonia | 10.4 | 3.9 | 4.6 | 25.9 | 21.6 | 68.9 | 1.5 | |
| Corunna, Spain | 10.1 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 36.2 | 31.5 | 73.5 | 1.4 | |
| Nice, France | 10.1 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 29.3 | 25.8 | 67.2 | 1.5 | |
| Brno, Czech Republic | 10.0 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 21.2 | 23.1 | 72.7 | 1.4 | |
| Bialystok, Poland | 9.9 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 23.4 | 25.1 | 92.5 | 1.1 | |
| Hamburg, Germany | 9.9 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 35.4 | 30.7 | 60.0 | 1.7 | |
| Amsterdam, Netherlands | 9.8 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 20.8 | 17.3 | 75.5 | 1.3 | |
| Sofia, Bulgaria | 9.7 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 17.4 | 16.0 | 97.2 | 1.0 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 9.7 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 25.9 | 24.3 | 61.5 | 1.6 | |
| Trieste, Italy | 9.6 | 3.4 | 4.5 | 29.7 | 22.4 | 76.0 | 1.3 | |
| Bergen, Norway | 9.4 | 3.0 | 4.4 | 32.8 | 22.5 | 68.6 | 1.5 | |
| Riga, Latvia | 9.4 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 20.0 | 16.8 | 68.2 | 1.5 | |
| Munich, Germany | 9.4 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 31.5 | 26.5 | 68.8 | 1.5 | |
| Brighton, United Kingdom | 9.3 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 23.7 | 18.9 | 73.5 | 1.4 | |
| Zaragoza (Saragossa), Spain | 9.0 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 33.8 | 25.7 | 65.7 | 1.5 | |
| Geneva, Switzerland | 9.0 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 23.4 | 21.8 | 57.2 | 1.7 | |
| Toulouse, France | 8.9 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 37.1 | 31.7 | 64.0 | 1.6 | |
| Lisbon, Portugal | 8.8 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 16.0 | 15.2 | 64.3 | 1.6 | |
| Valencia, Spain | 8.8 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 37.7 | 28.1 | 62.3 | 1.6 | |
| Maribor, Slovenia | 8.6 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 22.7 | 19.0 | 73.9 | 1.4 | |
| Vienna, Austria | 8.6 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 24.3 | 21.8 | 62.2 | 1.6 | |
| Oslo, Norway | 8.4 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 23.8 | 21.2 | 59.5 | 1.7 | |
| Malaga, Spain | 8.4 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 27.8 | 24.2 | 61.0 | 1.6 | |
| Sliema, Malta | 8.3 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 38.2 | 22.4 | 64.2 | 1.6 | |
| Utrecht, Netherlands | 8.2 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 21.8 | 18.2 | 63.1 | 1.6 | |
| Seville (Sevilla), Spain | 8.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 23.6 | 23.2 | 64.2 | 1.6 | |
| Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain | 8.0 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 27.0 | 24.9 | 69.0 | 1.4 | |
| Kosice, Slovakia | 8.0 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 14.4 | 15.2 | 63.1 | 1.6 | |
| Zurich, Switzerland | 7.9 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 28.9 | 31.6 | 48.2 | 2.1 | |
| Cambridge, United Kingdom | 7.9 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 21.6 | 19.0 | 67.7 | 1.5 | |
| Patras, Greece | 7.9 | 4.0 | 7.9 | 24.8 | 12.6 | 59.6 | 1.7 | |
| Graz, Austria | 7.8 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 27.6 | 21.3 | 56.3 | 1.8 | |
| Coimbra, Portugal | 7.7 | 5.7 | 7.3 | 17.6 | 13.8 | 49.0 | 2.0 | |
| Lyon, France | 7.5 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 27.1 | 28.0 | 54.5 | 1.8 | |
| Stavanger, Norway | 7.5 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 17.6 | 15.8 | 52.1 | 1.9 | |
| Oxford, United Kingdom | 7.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 16.1 | 16.1 | 53.2 | 1.9 | |
| Tampere, Finland | 7.2 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 26.4 | 21.2 | 47.8 | 2.1 | |
| Porto, Portugal | 7.2 | 6.3 | 7.0 | 15.9 | 14.2 | 50.0 | 2.0 | |
| Alicante, Spain | 7.2 | 3.7 | 4.8 | 27.2 | 20.8 | 52.4 | 1.9 | |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 7.1 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 17.8 | 18.1 | 49.7 | 2.0 | |
| Pamplona, Spain | 7.1 | 3.1 | 4.8 | 32.2 | 21.0 | 51.8 | 1.9 | |
| Nottingham, United Kingdom | 7.0 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 23.5 | 25.7 | 55.7 | 1.8 | |
| Reading, United Kingdom | 6.9 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 17.1 | 19.1 | 47.3 | 2.1 | |
| Eindhoven, Netherlands | 6.9 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 17.4 | 18.7 | 55.1 | 1.8 | |
| Dublin, Ireland | 6.8 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 16.9 | 19.0 | 51.9 | 1.9 | |
| Gothenburg, Sweden | 6.8 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 33.7 | 29.1 | 43.4 | 2.3 | |
| Trondheim, Norway | 6.6 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 19.9 | 20.0 | 48.0 | 2.1 | |
| Cologne, Germany | 6.6 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 25.2 | 20.4 | 45.7 | 2.2 | |
| Katowice, Poland | 6.5 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 16.2 | 18.0 | 53.7 | 1.9 | |
| Ostrava, Czech Republic | 6.4 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 19.5 | 18.3 | 46.0 | 2.2 | |
| Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 6.0 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 23.7 | 19.7 | 43.5 | 2.3 | |
| Brussels, Belgium | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 17.4 | 19.8 | 44.7 | 2.2 | |
| Aarhus, Denmark | 6.0 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 22.3 | 23.7 | 43.5 | 2.3 | |
| Marbella, Spain | 6.0 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 22.0 | 21.8 | 42.9 | 2.3 | |
| Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 5.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 20.0 | 19.9 | 36.6 | 2.7 | |
| Aberdeen, United Kingdom | 5.9 | 4.6 | 9.2 | 21.8 | 10.9 | 43.9 | 2.3 | |
| Frankfurt, Germany | 5.8 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 20.1 | 22.0 | 42.0 | 2.4 | |
| Lausanne, Switzerland | 5.8 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 33.0 | 28.5 | 37.5 | 2.7 | |
| Malmo, Sweden | 5.8 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 17.8 | 14.6 | 41.0 | 2.4 | |
| Bern, Switzerland | 5.7 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 26.6 | 28.7 | 35.5 | 2.8 | |
| Nuremberg, Germany | 5.7 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 23.9 | 17.5 | 38.7 | 2.6 | |
| Sheffield, United Kingdom | 5.6 | 6.9 | 3.7 | 14.6 | 27.3 | 43.3 | 2.3 | |
| Reykjavik, Iceland | 5.3 | 7.9 | 6.8 | 12.7 | 14.6 | 49.3 | 2.0 | |
| Rotterdam, Netherlands | 5.0 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 14.0 | 12.1 | 38.1 | 2.6 | |
| Strasbourg, France | 5.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 25.6 | 24.0 | 37.3 | 2.7 | |
| Lugano, Switzerland | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 20.7 | 18.5 | 28.6 | 3.5 | |
| The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands | 4.9 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 15.1 | 17.2 | 37.5 | 2.7 | |
| Berlin, Germany | 4.9 | 4.0 | 5.9 | 24.9 | 16.8 | 35.4 | 2.8 | |
| Leicester, United Kingdom | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 20.6 | 23.1 | 36.2 | 2.8 | |
| Cork, Ireland | 4.8 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 14.5 | 12.4 | 34.9 | 2.9 | |
| Basel, Switzerland | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.8 | 21.4 | 17.2 | 27.4 | 3.7 | |
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 4.6 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 19.6 | 20.5 | 33.7 | 3.0 | |
| Aachen, Germany | 4.6 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 19.2 | 19.5 | 31.7 | 3.2 | |
| Southampton, United Kingdom | 4.5 | 7.4 | 10.8 | 13.4 | 9.3 | 32.7 | 3.1 | |
| Birmingham, United Kingdom | 4.5 | 7.2 | 11.2 | 13.9 | 9.0 | 35.3 | 2.8 | |
| Belfast, United Kingdom | 4.2 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 16.2 | 14.3 | 33.3 | 3.0 | |
| Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom | 3.8 | 9.5 | 8.0 | 10.6 | 12.5 | 25.0 | 4.0 | |
| Stuttgart, Germany | 3.6 | 5.7 | 7.3 | 17.4 | 13.8 | 27.6 | 3.6 | |
| Dresden, Germany | 3.5 | 5.2 | 6.5 | 19.3 | 15.3 | 23.4 | 4.3 | |
| Antwerp, Belgium | 3.4 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 24.8 | 4.0 | |
| Leeds, United Kingdom | 3.4 | 7.1 | 8.6 | 14.1 | 11.6 | 24.5 | 4.1 | |
| Galway, Ireland | 3.3 | 7.2 | 9.5 | 13.8 | 10.5 | 24.8 | 4.0 | |
| Liverpool, United Kingdom | 3.2 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 10.8 | 11.0 | 23.9 | 4.2 |