Rank |
City |
Price To Income Ratio |
Gross Rental Yield City Centre |
Gross Rental Yield Outside of Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio City Centre |
Price To Rent Ratio Outside Of City Centre |
Mortgage As A Percentage Of Income |
Affordability Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moscow, Russia | 21.6 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 32.3 | 30.5 | 245.7 | 0.4 | |
| Saint Petersburg, Russia | 20.3 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 30.4 | 32.8 | 262.7 | 0.4 | |
| Paris, France | 20.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 40.0 | 39.7 | 119.4 | 0.8 | |
| Lisbon, Portugal | 19.6 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 21.1 | 18.6 | 123.3 | 0.8 | |
| Belgrade, Serbia | 19.6 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 22.7 | 21.3 | 146.0 | 0.7 | |
| Dubrovnik, Croatia | 19.3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 40.4 | 39.4 | 138.3 | 0.7 | |
| Prague, Czech Republic | 19.3 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 37.4 | 34.6 | 162.4 | 0.6 | |
| Milan, Italy | 19.0 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 30.0 | 23.4 | 112.7 | 0.9 | |
| Kazan, Russia | 17.8 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 27.3 | 27.4 | 219.9 | 0.5 | |
| Tirana, Albania | 17.5 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 22.7 | 18.4 | 134.1 | 0.7 | |
| Zadar, Croatia | 17.4 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 29.5 | 30.9 | 126.6 | 0.8 | |
| Innsbruck, Austria | 17.3 | 2.4 | 2.8 | 42.2 | 36.0 | 104.7 | 1.0 | |
| Bratislava, Slovakia | 17.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 33.3 | 32.6 | 100.4 | 1.0 | |
| Vladivostok, Russia | 16.9 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 19.2 | 20.6 | 205.7 | 0.5 | |
| Novi Sad, Serbia | 16.8 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 26.7 | 26.6 | 119.7 | 0.8 | |
| Krasnodar, Russia | 16.6 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 31.5 | 31.0 | 197.0 | 0.5 | |
| Kaliningrad, Russia | 16.5 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 29.4 | 25.7 | 195.4 | 0.5 | |
| Brno, Czech Republic | 16.4 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 35.6 | 36.4 | 127.1 | 0.8 | |
| Rome, Italy | 16.2 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 27.3 | 21.5 | 99.3 | 1.0 | |
| Munich, Germany | 16.1 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 40.9 | 39.7 | 98.2 | 1.0 | |
| London, United Kingdom | 16.0 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 28.7 | 23.8 | 108.7 | 0.9 | |
| Cluj-Napoca, Romania | 15.9 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 31.6 | 33.6 | 134.9 | 0.7 | |
| Split, Croatia | 15.7 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 35.7 | 37.4 | 102.1 | 1.0 | |
| Saint Helier, Jersey | 15.5 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 22.7 | 26.7 | 100.9 | 1.0 | |
| Kosice, Slovakia | 15.5 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 28.7 | 27.8 | 92.7 | 1.1 | |
| Skopje, North Macedonia | 15.3 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 28.3 | 29.1 | 116.3 | 0.9 | |
| Florence, Italy | 15.2 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 28.3 | 25.4 | 90.1 | 1.1 | |
| Nizhny Novgorod, Russia | 15.2 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 25.0 | 29.8 | 167.7 | 0.6 | |
| Gdynia, Poland | 15.2 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 30.2 | 21.9 | 137.2 | 0.7 | |
| Novosibirsk, Russia | 15.1 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 24.3 | 21.5 | 204.2 | 0.5 | |
| Pristina, Kosovo (Disputed Territory) | 15.0 | 3.9 | 5.7 | 25.5 | 17.6 | 112.6 | 0.9 | |
| Kiev (Kyiv), Ukraine | 14.8 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 18.8 | 16.7 | 242.2 | 0.4 | |
| Budapest, Hungary | 14.8 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 31.5 | 28.4 | 152.6 | 0.7 | |
| Ufa, Russia | 14.8 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 24.0 | 26.6 | 163.1 | 0.6 | |
| Gdansk, Poland | 14.5 | 3.2 | 4.3 | 30.9 | 23.4 | 127.9 | 0.8 | |
| Warsaw, Poland | 14.4 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 24.7 | 20.7 | 146.1 | 0.7 | |
| Minsk, Belarus | 14.4 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 21.5 | 19.6 | 293.8 | 0.3 | |
| Ljubljana, Slovenia | 14.4 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 29.6 | 28.0 | 88.1 | 1.1 | |
| Odessa (Odesa), Ukraine | 14.3 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 19.7 | 21.0 | 255.3 | 0.4 | |
| Samara, Russia | 14.3 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 24.4 | 25.5 | 190.2 | 0.5 | |
| Stockholm, Sweden | 14.3 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 37.0 | 31.2 | 94.0 | 1.1 | |
| Debrecen, Hungary | 14.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 31.2 | 32.0 | 124.6 | 0.8 | |
| Zagreb, Croatia | 14.2 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 30.8 | 29.0 | 97.3 | 1.0 | |
| Nis, Serbia | 14.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 32.7 | 31.9 | 98.5 | 1.0 | |
| Perm, Russia | 13.8 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 25.0 | 28.3 | 175.1 | 0.6 | |
| Tuzla, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.7 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 36.8 | 34.8 | 92.6 | 1.1 | |
| Banja Luka, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 13.6 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 30.4 | 32.6 | 105.9 | 0.9 | |
| Athens, Greece | 13.5 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 23.5 | 24.8 | 99.5 | 1.0 | |
| Porto, Portugal | 13.4 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 19.8 | 15.9 | 83.6 | 1.2 | |
| Vilnius, Lithuania | 13.4 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 25.1 | 23.9 | 84.9 | 1.2 | |
| Frankfurt, Germany | 13.2 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 39.0 | 37.4 | 88.3 | 1.1 | |
| Krakow (Cracow), Poland | 13.0 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 28.6 | 23.3 | 120.5 | 0.8 | |
| Constanta, Romania | 12.9 | 4.8 | 4.3 | 20.8 | 23.2 | 117.4 | 0.9 | |
| Poznan, Poland | 12.8 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 27.0 | 24.0 | 96.8 | 1.0 | |
| Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 12.6 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 33.6 | 30.8 | 76.0 | 1.3 | |
| Wroclaw, Poland | 12.5 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 24.3 | 19.7 | 120.6 | 0.8 | |
| Oradea, Romania | 12.5 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 24.3 | 27.4 | 108.3 | 0.9 | |
| Kharkiv, Ukraine | 12.4 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 17.3 | 15.6 | 173.9 | 0.6 | |
| Tallinn, Estonia | 12.3 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 27.4 | 26.1 | 76.7 | 1.3 | |
| Dnipro, Ukraine | 12.3 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 14.9 | 17.1 | 185.4 | 0.5 | |
| Plzen, Czech Republic | 12.2 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 40.5 | 35.8 | 91.0 | 1.1 | |
| Bialystok, Poland | 12.2 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 25.3 | 23.7 | 118.0 | 0.8 | |
| Geneva, Switzerland | 12.1 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 33.9 | 29.7 | 68.8 | 1.5 | |
| Podgorica, Montenegro | 12.0 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 22.3 | 22.9 | 103.0 | 1.0 | |
| Rijeka, Croatia | 11.9 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 26.5 | 23.9 | 83.8 | 1.2 | |
| Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina | 11.8 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 36.4 | 32.4 | 80.9 | 1.2 | |
| Thessaloniki, Greece | 11.7 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 23.9 | 21.9 | 85.6 | 1.2 | |
| Lviv, Ukraine | 11.7 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 16.9 | 15.2 | 173.3 | 0.6 | |
| Vienna, Austria | 11.5 | 2.4 | 2.9 | 42.3 | 34.4 | 69.8 | 1.4 | |
| Voronezh, Russia | 11.5 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 25.7 | 28.8 | 133.5 | 0.7 | |
| Olomouc, Czech Republic | 11.5 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 28.1 | 31.3 | 86.1 | 1.2 | |
| Chisinau, Moldova | 11.4 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 17.2 | 15.8 | 147.0 | 0.7 | |
| Iasi, Romania | 11.4 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 24.9 | 25.0 | 94.7 | 1.1 | |
| Berlin, Germany | 11.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 28.3 | 27.5 | 70.4 | 1.4 | |
| Hamburg, Germany | 11.3 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 35.8 | 31.5 | 70.0 | 1.4 | |
| Zurich, Switzerland | 11.2 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 40.5 | 31.3 | 64.9 | 1.5 | |
| Madrid, Spain | 11.2 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 25.1 | 22.3 | 69.8 | 1.4 | |
| Oslo, Norway | 11.1 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 33.1 | 30.0 | 72.7 | 1.4 | |
| Stuttgart, Germany | 11.1 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 38.6 | 36.5 | 71.2 | 1.4 | |
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 11.1 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 34.5 | 35.2 | 69.9 | 1.4 | |
| Nice, France | 11.0 | 3.0 | 4.1 | 33.2 | 24.2 | 61.8 | 1.6 | |
| Timisoara, Romania | 10.9 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 25.5 | 25.0 | 89.5 | 1.1 | |
| Coimbra, Portugal | 10.8 | 4.6 | 5.6 | 21.5 | 17.9 | 67.6 | 1.5 | |
| Bucharest, Romania | 10.8 | 4.1 | 4.6 | 24.2 | 21.6 | 97.4 | 1.0 | |
| Haarlem, Netherlands | 10.8 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 20.3 | 21.8 | 69.3 | 1.4 | |
| Bolzano-Bozen, Italy | 10.8 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 32.3 | 30.0 | 60.7 | 1.6 | |
| Sibiu, Romania | 10.7 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 24.9 | 22.9 | 101.6 | 1.0 | |
| Barcelona, Spain | 10.7 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 22.4 | 18.1 | 65.5 | 1.5 | |
| Bologna, Italy | 10.6 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 23.8 | 21.9 | 64.4 | 1.6 | |
| Szczecin, Poland | 10.6 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 22.2 | 19.3 | 89.4 | 1.1 | |
| Lodz, Poland | 10.5 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 22.9 | 21.1 | 91.9 | 1.1 | |
| Katowice, Poland | 10.4 | 3.3 | 4.6 | 30.6 | 21.8 | 83.9 | 1.2 | |
| Helsinki, Finland | 10.4 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 35.0 | 25.9 | 58.6 | 1.7 | |
| Sofia, Bulgaria | 10.3 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 26.1 | 22.7 | 69.8 | 1.4 | |
| Amsterdam, Netherlands | 10.3 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 24.5 | 19.5 | 66.7 | 1.5 | |
| Kaunas, Lithuania | 10.1 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 27.0 | 24.0 | 64.1 | 1.6 | |
| Heidelberg, Germany | 10.1 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 32.8 | 31.4 | 56.6 | 1.8 | |
| Craiova, Romania | 10.0 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 26.8 | 22.8 | 89.5 | 1.1 | |
| Dublin, Ireland | 9.9 | 5.7 | 7.8 | 17.6 | 12.8 | 68.6 | 1.5 | |
| Brasov, Romania | 9.9 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 20.0 | 19.2 | 91.3 | 1.1 | |
| Graz, Austria | 9.6 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 38.2 | 32.2 | 57.3 | 1.7 | |
| Espoo, Finland | 9.5 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 29.1 | 24.7 | 53.4 | 1.9 | |
| Lyon, France | 9.4 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 32.1 | 34.1 | 55.3 | 1.8 | |
| Osijek, Croatia | 9.3 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 23.3 | 28.8 | 66.7 | 1.5 | |
| Varna, Bulgaria | 9.2 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 23.7 | 18.9 | 62.0 | 1.6 | |
| Yekaterinburg, Russia | 9.2 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 24.4 | 22.0 | 121.2 | 0.8 | |
| Tartu, Estonia | 9.1 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 25.9 | 23.8 | 56.1 | 1.8 | |
| Copenhagen, Denmark | 9.0 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 21.6 | 20.4 | 52.9 | 1.9 | |
| Riga, Latvia | 8.9 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 24.1 | 20.5 | 56.5 | 1.8 | |
| Nuremberg, Germany | 8.8 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 36.7 | 39.5 | 53.6 | 1.9 | |
| Gothenburg, Sweden | 8.8 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 27.5 | 24.8 | 57.5 | 1.7 | |
| Seville (Sevilla), Spain | 8.4 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 24.6 | 19.5 | 54.2 | 1.8 | |
| Linz, Austria | 8.4 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 26.5 | 26.0 | 51.9 | 1.9 | |
| Malaga, Spain | 8.4 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 22.5 | 18.2 | 51.5 | 1.9 | |
| Edinburgh, United Kingdom | 8.3 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 19.7 | 21.7 | 51.9 | 1.9 | |
| Tromso, Norway | 8.2 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 27.3 | 28.7 | 54.3 | 1.8 | |
| Turin, Italy | 8.2 | 4.1 | 5.4 | 24.5 | 18.7 | 48.4 | 2.1 | |
| Valencia, Spain | 8.1 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 18.3 | 14.3 | 51.0 | 2.0 | |
| Utrecht, Netherlands | 8.0 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 21.9 | 19.6 | 53.7 | 1.9 | |
| Ostrava, Czech Republic | 7.9 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 22.7 | 23.0 | 59.6 | 1.7 | |
| Plovdiv, Bulgaria | 7.9 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 20.7 | 19.0 | 54.4 | 1.8 | |
| Bergen, Norway | 7.8 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 26.3 | 20.2 | 50.0 | 2.0 | |
| Stavanger, Norway | 7.7 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 24.6 | 25.9 | 53.1 | 1.9 | |
| Liverpool, United Kingdom | 7.7 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 23.2 | 16.9 | 52.9 | 1.9 | |
| Tampere, Finland | 7.5 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 26.8 | 26.1 | 42.1 | 2.4 | |
| Reykjavik, Iceland | 7.4 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 20.4 | 17.2 | 61.7 | 1.6 | |
| Trondheim, Norway | 7.4 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 29.3 | 26.9 | 47.6 | 2.1 | |
| Belfast, United Kingdom | 7.4 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 19.2 | 20.5 | 48.2 | 2.1 | |
| Aarhus, Denmark | 7.3 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 25.7 | 22.6 | 45.9 | 2.2 | |
| Glasgow, United Kingdom | 7.2 | 3.7 | 5.7 | 27.3 | 17.7 | 50.1 | 2.0 | |
| Basel, Switzerland | 7.1 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 29.1 | 29.8 | 41.2 | 2.4 | |
| Manchester, United Kingdom | 7.1 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 18.9 | 18.4 | 47.2 | 2.1 | |
| Gent, Belgium | 7.0 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 18.7 | 17.4 | 41.9 | 2.4 | |
| Groningen, Netherlands | 6.9 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 19.5 | 24.6 | 42.0 | 2.4 | |
| Maribor, Slovenia | 6.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 21.0 | 20.8 | 46.4 | 2.2 | |
| Toulouse, France | 6.9 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 27.0 | 25.8 | 38.7 | 2.6 | |
| Brussels, Belgium | 6.7 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 19.3 | 19.3 | 39.3 | 2.5 | |
| Grenoble, France | 6.7 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 24.4 | 25.0 | 37.0 | 2.7 | |
| Turku, Finland | 6.2 | 3.4 | 5.8 | 29.5 | 17.2 | 35.8 | 2.8 | |
| Malmo, Sweden | 6.1 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 24.3 | 21.4 | 36.9 | 2.7 | |
| Antwerp, Belgium | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 18.9 | 18.1 | 36.3 | 2.8 | |
| The Hague (Den Haag), Netherlands | 5.9 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 21.4 | 19.6 | 37.1 | 2.7 | |
| Cork, Ireland | 5.8 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 12.4 | 11.4 | 38.3 | 2.6 | |
| Eindhoven, Netherlands | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 18.6 | 17.6 | 34.8 | 2.9 | |
| Rotterdam, Netherlands | 5.6 | 5.8 | 7.3 | 17.4 | 13.7 | 35.0 | 2.9 | |
| Aalborg, Denmark | 5.6 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 27.4 | 27.7 | 33.9 | 3.0 | |
| Aberdeen, United Kingdom | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 19.6 | 21.9 | 36.4 | 2.7 | |
| Coventry, United Kingdom | 4.8 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 19.5 | 20.9 | 35.8 | 2.8 |